Anterior skull base fractures are associated with orbital injury, nasal cerebrospinal fluid leak, and injury to cranial nerve I.Temporal fractures, which are most common, are associated with carotid injury, injury to cranial nerves VII or VIII, and mastoid cerebrospinal fluid leak.The location of the fracture is predictive of associated injuries: They represent 19% to 21% of skull fractures. Epidemiologyīasilar skull fractures are relatively uncommon and are present in about 4% of all patients with a severe head injury. ![]() Penetrating injuries such as gunshot wounds account for less than 10% of cases. Falls and assaults are also important causes. Most basilar skull fractures are caused by high-velocity blunt trauma such as motor vehicle collisions, motorcycle crashes, and pedestrian injuries. The majority of basilar skull fractures are managed with conservative care. īasilar skull fractures are most commonly seen in younger people due to their propensity to do high-risk activities. Basilar skull fractures are commonly associated with facial fractures, cervical spine injury, intracranial hemorrhage, cranial nerve injury, vascular injury, and meningitis. Several clinical exam findings highly predictive of basilar skull fractures include hemotympanum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea or rhinorrhea, Battle sign (retroauricular or mastoid ecchymosis), and raccoon eyes (periorbital ecchymosis). Basilar skull fractures most commonly involve the temporal bones but may involve the occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid, and the orbital plate of the frontal bone as well. Outline the importance of collaboration and communication among the interprofessional team to enhance the delivery of care for patients affected by basilar skull fractures.īasilar skull fractures, usually caused by substantial blunt force trauma, involve at least one of the bones that compose the base of the skull. ![]() Review the common complications of basilar skull fractures.Identify the presence of clinical signs predictive of basilar skull fractures.Summarize the pathophysiology and use the location of the trauma in predicting the associated injuries in basilar skull fractures. ![]() This activity reviews the evaluation and treatment of basilar skull fractures and underscores the role of the interprofessional team in managing patients with this condition. Basilar skull fractures most commonly involve the temporal bones but may also involve the occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid, and orbital plate of the frontal bone. Basilar skull fractures, usually caused by substantial blunt force trauma, involve at least one of the bones that compose the base of the skull.
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